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A medic checks on a player

 

A concussion is an injury to the brain that affects how it functions. 

Concussion is often caused by an impact to the head. However, it can also occur after a body blow that causes rapid brain movement, e.g. whiplash.  

 

Concussions can happen to players of any age, but some people are at greater risk. This includes: 

  • anyone under the age of 18 
  • individuals with previous concussions
  • female players. 

 

Players don't always know they're concussed, so checking for signs is essential. Watch out for individuals who: 

  • have a seizure (fit) 
  • appear less responsive 
  • grab or clutch their head 
  • look blank, dazed or vacant 
  • seem more emotional or irritable than usual 
  • display balance problems or poor coordination 
  • seem confused or unaware of play and events  
  • lie motionless on the ground or are slow to get up. 

Concussed players may also lose consciousness. However, contrary to popular belief, this only happens in 10% of cases. 

If they're concussed, your player may report any of these symptoms:  

  • dizziness 
  • headache  
  • visual problems  
  • nausea or vomiting  
  • difficulty concentrating 
  • fatigue and drowsiness 
  • sensitivity to light or noise 
  • a feeling of pressure in the head
  • mental clouding, confusion, or feeling slowed down or 'in a fog'. 

It's important to understand that concussion symptoms can appear immediately but may also be delayed.  

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If in doubt, sit your player out.  

Anyone with a suspected concussion must be immediately removed from play. We also recommend that you refer the individual to a healthcare professional.  

In some instances of concussion, urgent medical assessment is required. If your player reports any of the following, they must visit A&E: 

  • seizure (fit) 
  • double vision 
  • severe neck pain   
  • repeated vomiting 
  • unusual behaviour change 
  • severe or worsening headache 
  • increasing confusion or irritability 
  • weakness, tingling or burning in arms or legs
  • deteriorating consciousness (getting more drowsy). 

 

After a concussion, players must follow the Graduated Return to Play (GRTP) protocol.  

For more info about this process – and concussion in general – check out The FA's Concussion Guidelines. You can also take our free online module